Love at first sight- the makings of a great date

After meeting a fairly promising company last week, my mind re-wound back in time to some of the first meetings we have had with entrepreneurs who since then have gone onto do bigger things (whether funded by us or otherwise). Could'nt help notice the fact that the first instinct after those meetings were overwhelmingly positive. And this had nothing to do with commercials - valuation, terms etc.

And in a large majority of the cases, the feeling was mutual - so it was not the buyer necessarily hankering after the seller or vice-versa. A good number of those have translated into professional, informal relationships far beyond that of the immediate call of duty then. (the transaction).

Curiosity for the other: In a large majority of the cases I analyzed, there was a thread beyond just the meeting that had aroused a curiosity in either. the first meeting of this type (for the promoter) or a strong reference on the counterparty ("Hey, I heard these guys are good", "They are pioneers in their thought process", "Strong team that have made delivered results consistently" or "These are one of the smarter PE guys around", They really build relationships").

Preparation from both sides: The best interactions are those in which the answers and the questions flow freely (none of the "I will get back to you. We have not thought about it " etc.). Even in the rare case of an action item that spills over, the progression happens automatically without any follow-up (no repeated phone calls/e-mails).

Sense of empowerment amongst the team : Rather than a peer to peer interaction, the best interactions are those where there is a lot of cross-firing and creative exchange of ideas. There is no one guy who leads the verbage from either of the teams -

Experience and domain knowledge: This often shines through anecdotal evidence of experiences the entrepreneur/investor have had in the past. The seasoned guys know what they are talking about, do a honest acknowledgement of market realities and have a sense of how to marry the market opportunity with their internal capability. For eg., going after a 1% marketshare in a $ 1 bn market in waste management equipment means nothing; however, saying "We will go after the top 20 government bodies that buy 70% of the total equipment in the country and we are already enlisted as the preferred vendor in 8." means a lot more.

As Neil Diamond's song goes " The first cut is the deepest". It seems like there is love at first sight, certainly in the business we are discussing.

~Varadha

(varadha.r1@gmail.com)

+91 9940670064

Aftermath of a deal - Managing the monkey on your back

In continuation of the earlier post, I will try and cover some of my perspectives in terms of what entrepreneur's management of the investor.

• Inducting the investor into the organization:Too often, the promoter forgets that the investor means nothing to the rest of the people in the organization. These are precisely the people who would have to interact with the investor in minutiae like financial reporting, compliance, business metrices, MIS-es etc. I have often found that a town hall meeting equivalent (post the deal) helps induct the investor into the organizational maze and helps in setting a context for what is to follow.
• Creating an atmosphere of credibility and transparency: I have come across promoters who often "massage numbers" before sending them out to investor or simply turn a blind eye to the investor (to the point of exasperation). While this might provide for gratification in the short term, it is important to understand that one needs the investor's buy-in in the medium term (for raising further capital, key strategic decisions etc.) and an acrimonious relationship does no good to either. I have seem promoters who were known for their utter disdain come back to the investor eating humble pie. What goes round surely comes around !
  
• Managing expectations: Post the money exchanging hands, there is no time for bravado. Remember, the investor is as much a part of the boat (sinking or flourishing ?!) and he has as much stake in the upside. If there is a problem, acknowledge it - often a collective reflection (with the benefit of an outsider's perspective thrown in) can help devise simple solutions. The later this happens, the tougher it is to get out of the maze.
  
• Using an investor as a sounding board: I have seen too few Indian promoters push their investors - remember that an investor can bring value to progressive steps like baking in market intelligence/ competitor information, recruiting senior management, instituting processes and systems, because they have the benefit of a wider network and a larger perspective across businesses. Very few boards make everyone of the board members make a case for the value they added at the end of each year (Ala Infosys). A board in which everyone contributes often works wonders (as the investor realizes the rigours of the business and the entrepreneur realizes the expectations of the investor) in driving change towards a collective vision. I recently came across an entrepreneur who wanted me to help him out with the detailing of an overseas acquisition - the risks, valuation, deal and pay-out structure - that is a progressive step and that is the way it is meant to be !
  

Ahhh, all this serious talk is getting too boring. Let us talk about something a little more interesting next week.

~Varadha
(varadha.r1@gmail.com)
+91-9940670064

The morning after - aftermath of a deal

Great - you've executed the deal you have always longed for. What do you do next ? One of the most important things I have observed (with my limited perception) is that the way in which the handshake is executed post the money exchanging hands is one of the key determinants of value creation. It determines if you will wake up with a hang over not worth remembering or if it will be a relationship worth cherishing.

Often the counterparts get drained out by the time money changes hands that there is often a period of quietude following the transfer of money. So the entrepreneur at his end, often thinks it is free money he has got and the fund manager thinks this fresh money would be the elixir to all of the company's problems - past, present and future. Sounds familiar ? Nothing could be further from the truth.

Call this a post-nuptial, if you will. A robust marriage, after all, does call for a set of rules that both of the counter parties promise to abide by. Often, the set of rules (said and unsaid) and the implicit, taciturn understanding that is developed during this period are the most critical to long term sustenance.



In a two part series, let us look at some of the thins a fund manager has to make clear at the beginning of a relationship.

• Creating credibility in the minds of the promoter: Small details like returning phone calls, responding to mails, developing a rapport with the rest of the management team, taking the initiative to understand the softer aspects of the organization go a long way in making the promoter more accommodating and lessening his distrust.
• Exercising influence: The smartest fund managers are the ones who seem to balance the drive towards results with the team building/interpersonal skills. More often than not, fund managers take one of the two extreme stances - throw a fit during meetings on the numbers or do not raise any questions at all (irrespective of the performance !). This simply cannot be !
• Understand the business in detail: Adding value to a portfolio company is not about discovering new markets, new M & A opportunities (the promoter is in the field and he should have a ring side view after all) but is to help facilitate a path towards putting together the building blocks that help you get there. For eg., it is about watching out for the risks that you need to watch out for in an M & A, how do you transition someone in senior management out etc. rather than identifying M & A targets or
• Explaining the requirements in detail: Do you need monthly numbers or quarterly numbers ? How frequently would you want to do a review ? How deep an insight would you want to get into the business ? Would you want to talk to the rest of the senior management team also on a periodic basis ? Would you exercise your consent rights on every single major capex (land, building purchase) or would you be alright okaying them post facto in a quarterly board meeting ?
• Assimilating yourself into the organization: One perspective (that of the promoter's) is never going to give you adequate insights into the organization or the market. For you to get a well rounded perspective, you need to be on first name terms with at least 4-5 of the senior management (and ensure they feel comfortable sharing any controversial views/insights/perspectives). One can never underestimate the importance of this and this helps envisage problems ahead of time.
• Driving change early: There is never a better chance to drive change (ranging from to be completed post the deal to process changes to augmentation of senior management) than the early days of marriage. With passage of time, change becomes that much more difficult to enforce - the later you do it, the more time it takes (because your tolerance level increases as well 'coz you are used to it anyway!)

In the next part, I will talk about how an entrepreneur needs to manage the early days of a relationship from his side.

~Varadha
(varadha.r1@gmail.com)
+91-9940670064

What to look or in a VC ?

The recent news article about LPs getting increasingly disenchanted with their emerging markets portfolio is at odds with the bull run in the capital markets. I had talked about this in my earlier post - about the imminence of consolidation in the PE market in India. While this shake-out is going to inflict a lot of pain all across in the medium term, hopefully it would lead to sanity all around in the long term.

Getting back in line and continuing from the last post, I thought it best to do a critical self-appraisal of my brethren. So, what are some of the aspects an entrepreneur (or an investment banker) should look for in a VC during the limited interactions they have ?

• Understanding of business & appreciation: Is the VC giving you undivided attention during the meeting ? Does he/she come across as one who is willing to learn about your business and appreciate the finer aspects ? Can he understand the business beyond just numbers- CAGR, EPS and the like ?
  

• Communication: The same point I had outlined in last week's post holds true here. If he cannot pick up calls/respond to mails and convey decisions unequivocally and on time, how can he hold water for the long term ? What is the reputation of the person you are dealing with in the market ? Is he known to be not temperamental, rude and professional ?

• Relationship vibes and passion to build a business: Is this a guy you can get get comfortable with personally ? Will your team be comfortable interacting with him ? Is this person a shoulder you can cry on should times turn bad ? The easiest way to ascertain this is to look for anecdotal evidence from the VCs side of having added tangible value in their portfolio. A lot of inward looking entrepreneurs would rather have a passive financial partner than an activist, high-maintenance VC. The smart ones look beyond the pester (much like Socrates did with his wife Xanthippe) - "If I can tolerate her, I can attach myself to every human being else."

In summary, some of the best relationships are informal and between two level-headed people who have no qualms in disagreeing yet share a collective vision.

Regards
Varadha

varadha.r1@gmail.com
+91 9940670064